What is a supercycle in terms of economy?
Supercycles in the wider economy drive Commodity Supercycles. They are characterized by a sustained rise in demand for raw materials, manufactured materials, and other energy sources. The commodities sector is more cyclical than the wider economy because of the delay between supply shortages and the completion of new production capacity.
Many commodities producers who are struggling to meet demand respond by developing new mines and oil fields. This can take many years. If there is too much production capacity, it may lead to supply shortages. This can be caused by a slower pace of demand growth. When supply exceeds demand, the predictable outcome is that commodities prices crash.
A Commodity Supercycles refers to a prolonged period of high commodity demand, often lasting more than a decade. Long periods of high commodity prices due to supply shortages can lead to a significant increase in cash reserves by commodities producers. This prompts many producers to invest money in increasing their production capacity.
The likelihood of too many commodities producers reacting in the same way to supply shortages is increased by the fact that there is a lot more production capacity being created. This dynamic is only made worse by the prolonged duration of supercycles. Commodity prices are particularly volatile because it is difficult to match commodity demand and supply.
There are many types of economic catalysts that can create commodity supercycles. Some examples of recent history are:
These periods of sustained economic growth have caused step changes in the demand for commodities. However, regardless of whether the demand for commodities is triggered by new growth or reconstruction, the outcome is the same during a commodities supercycle: commodity prices rise when there is a shortage of supply, and commodities owners initiate the development of additional production capacities.
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